The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has as its objective in Spain the identification of vulnerable schools and the promotion of inclusion, equity and well-being in schools, in order to reduce early school leaving. In addition, it suggests modifying the intensive school schedule that is concentrated in the mornings.
According to the report entitled “Proposals for an Action Plan to reduce Early School Leaving in Spain”, presented by the OECD in collaboration with the Ministry of Education and Vocational Training and the General Directorate for Support for Structural Reform of the European Commission, the need to establish a common approach in Spain to identify vulnerable educational centers and allocate resources appropriately is raised. To achieve this, it is proposed to develop a school vulnerability index that is applicable throughout the country and that can be used to identify and support such centers. Likewise, it advocates adopting a common approach in data management at the level of educational centers.
In relation to the different learning needs of students, the OECD supports the extension of time dedicated to learning, since many centers in Spain work with an intensive schedule in the morning, which means that parents will have to pay for extracurricular classes. . To address this situation, it is suggested that Spain follow the example of countries such as Denmark and Portugal, which have implemented flexible full-time systems to extend learning time. These initiatives have been accompanied by a greater offer of school canteens and extracurricular activities.
The report emphasizes that Spain could consider adopting a similar approach due to the potential benefits it could offer, especially for disadvantaged students. Please note, however, that this transition will require investments in grants for food and school infrastructure, as well as adequate remuneration for center staff.
Train teachers to support students at risk of dropping out
Spain should prioritize improving teacher training to identify and support students at risk of dropping out. It is also urged to review the hiring process for directors and improve their salaries and development opportunities. Reducing grade repetition, reviewing admissions policies to avoid socioeconomic segregation, and fostering a positive school climate are additional recommendations.
Likewise, it is proposed to promote curricular flexibility, quality Vocational Training and school reincorporation. In addition, it is suggested to foster collaboration and knowledge sharing at the national level to reduce early school leaving and establish a culture of monitoring and evaluation to inform policies and programs.
Weaknesses of the educational system
The OECD identifies weaknesses in the Spanish education system, such as repetition and the lack of policy evaluation, which requires a rethinking and greater data sharing. It warns about the lack of continuity in the programs and highlights achievements such as the LOMLOE and the Vocational Training Law. It also mentions the PROA+ program and the regional programs.
